Quick Review Flashcards - Click to flip and test your knowledge!
Question
In flowering plants, which structure is responsible for the function of reproduction?
Answer
The flower.
Question
Botanically, a flower is defined as a specialised _____ in which leaves are modified into floral structures.
Answer
shoot
Question
What is the technical term for the stalk that supports a flower?
Answer
Pedicel.
Question
Flowers that lack a supporting stalk are described as _____.
Answer
sessile
Question
The enlarged, cup-shaped tip of the pedicel that bears the floral parts is called the _____.
Answer
receptacle (or thalamus)
Question
How many distinct whorls are floral parts typically arranged in on the thalamus?
Answer
Four.
Question
What is the collective name for the first (outermost) whorl of a flower consisting of green sepals?
Answer
Calyx.
Question
The second whorl of a flower, composed of brightly-coloured petals, is collectively known as the _____.
Answer
corolla
Question
What is the collective name for the third whorl, which contains the male reproductive parts?
Answer
Androecium.
Question
The fourth (innermost) whorl, containing the female reproductive parts, is collectively called the _____.
Answer
gynoecium
Question
A flower containing all four floral whorls is classified as a/an _____ flower.
Answer
complete (or perfect)
Question
What defines an incomplete (or imperfect) flower?
Answer
One or more sets of floral whorls are missing.
Question
Which two whorls are considered the 'essential' (reproductive) parts of a flower?
Answer
Stamens and carpels.
Question
The non-essential (accessory) parts of a flower include the petals and the _____.
Answer
sepals
Question
What is the primary function of the non-essential parts of a flower?
Answer
To protect reproductive parts or attract pollinators.
Question
When the sepals and petals look similar and cannot be differentiated, they are collectively called the _____.
Answer
perianth
Question
What are the individual units of a perianth called?
Answer
Tepals.
Question
A perianth that is green in colour, resembling sepals, is described as _____.
Answer
sepaloid
Question
What term describes a non-green perianth that resembles petals?
Answer
Petaloid perianth.
Question
A leaf-like structure in whose axil a flower arises is known as a/an _____.
Answer
bract
Question
In the $Bougainvillea$ plant, what structure is often mistaken for a large, colourful petal?
Answer
A bract.
Question
What is the name of the sweet, fragrant liquid produced by flowers to attract insects?
Answer
Nectar.
Question
Where are nectaries typically situated within a flower?
Answer
At the base of the pistil or the bases of the petals.
Question
A flower containing both stamens and carpels is termed bisexual or _____.
Answer
hermaphrodite
Question
A unisexual flower containing only stamens is called a/an _____ flower.
Answer
staminate
Question
A unisexual flower containing only carpels is called a/an _____ flower.
Answer
pistillate
Question
What is a neuter flower?
Answer
A flower in which both male and female reproductive organs are lacking.
Question
The ray florets of a sunflower are an example of which type of flower sexuality?
Answer
Neuter (pistillate but sterile).
Question
When sepals are free and not fused to one another, the condition is called _____.
Answer
polysepalous
Question
What term describes a calyx where the sepals are fused together?
Answer
Gamosepalous.
Question
In $Hibiscus$, the second series of sepals located below the calyx is collectively called the _____.
Answer
epicalyx
Question
What is the main function of the calyx when the flower is in the bud stage?
Answer
Protection.
Question
When sepals are brightly coloured (as in Gul Mohur), they are described as _____.
Answer
petaloid sepals
Question
The condition in which petals are free from one another is termed _____.
Answer
polypetalous
Question
What term describes a corolla where the petals are united or fused?
Answer
Gamopetalous.
Question
A stamen consists of a long thread-like filament and a terminal _____.
Answer
anther
Question
How many pollen sacs are typically found in a single two-lobed anther?
Answer
Four.
Question
What structures are contained within the pollen sacs of a matured anther?
Answer
Pollen grains.
Question
The condition in which stamens of a flower are completely free from each other is called _____.
Answer
polyandrous
Question
In China rose, the stamens are united into one bundle by their filaments, a condition called _____.
Answer
monadelphous
Question
When stamens are united by their filaments into two bundles, as in the pea plant, they are _____.
Answer
diadelphous
Question
What is the term for stamens whose filaments are united into several groups, such as in $Bombax$?
Answer
Polyadelphous.
Question
Each individual unit of the gynoecium is called a/an _____.
Answer
carpel
Question
The terminal knob-like part of the carpel that serves as a landing place for pollen is the _____.
Answer
stigma
Question
What is the slender stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary?
Answer
The style.
Question
The swollen basal portion of the carpel containing one or more ovules is the _____.
Answer
ovary
Question
Ovaries may be divided into several internal chambers called _____.
Answer
locules
Question
Which tissue attaches the ovules to the wall of the ovary?
Answer
The placenta.
Question
Plants that have both male and female flowers growing on the same individual plant are called _____.
Answer
monoecious
Question
In _____ plants, such as palm and papaya, male and female flowers grow on separate individuals.
Answer
dioecious
Question
What is the term for the mode of arrangement of flowers on the axis of a plant?
Answer
Inflorescence.
Question
The manner in which ovules are arranged or attached to the wall of the ovary is known as _____.
Answer
placentation
Question
In a mature fruit, what structure do the ovules turn into?
Answer
Seeds.
Question
What does the ovary of a flower eventually develop into after fertilisation?
Answer
The fruit.
Question
What is the primary role of pollen grains in plant reproduction?
Answer
They form the male cells (male gametes).
Question
According to the syllabus, what is the 'fourth whorl' of a bisexual flower?
Answer
The gynoecium (pistil).
Question
A flower that arises in the axil of a bract is called a/an _____ flower.
Answer
bracteate
Question
Under what condition does the calyx perform photosynthesis?
Answer
When the sepals are green.
Question
Which part of the flower provides protection to the reproductive organs particularly when petals form a tube?
Answer
The corolla.
Question
What is the function of the glandular papillae or hair often found on a stigma?
Answer
To help trap or hold pollen grains during pollination.