Quick Review Flashcards - Click to flip and test your knowledge!
Question
According to the text, what are the five main types of human habitations in India?
Answer
Big cities, small towns, villages, remote areas, and slum-dwellings.
Question
Which habitation type in India is characterised by multi-storeyed buildings, heavy traffic, and industrial zones?
Answer
Big cities.
Question
What are the primary sources of livelihood in Indian village habitations?
Answer
Agriculture, including dairies, poultry farming, and cottage industries.
Question
What specific habitation type is described as thriving on forest products while lacking proper drinking water and medical facilities?
Answer
Remote areas (tribal populations).
Question
What are 'Jhuggi-Jhompris'?
Answer
Slum-dwellings typically found on the outskirts of big cities.
Question
Name four common water-borne diseases prevalent in areas with deficient water supply.
Answer
Diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, typhoid, and dysentery.
Question
How do industrial effluents and untreated sewage affect people living near rivers?
Answer
They contaminate water bodies and harm the health of the residents.
Question
What is the primary cause of insect-borne diseases in village habitations?
Answer
A lack of general cleanliness leading to the breeding of houseflies and mosquitoes.
Question
Based on their level of operation, into what three categories are health organisations classified?
Answer
Local bodies, National organisations, and International organisations.
Question
List three examples of local bodies responsible for the health and sanitation of their people.
Answer
Municipal Corporations, Municipalities, and Town Area Committees.
Question
In the context of local health bodies, what does 'sanitation' specifically involve?
Answer
The removal and proper disposal of garbage, sewage, and other wastes.
Question
What is the purpose of 'Vaccinations' (Immunisation) provided by local health bodies?
Answer
To develop resistance in infants and children against several infectious diseases.
Question
Name four diseases targeted by infant immunisation programmes as mentioned in the text.
Answer
Tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), diphtheria, and tuberculosis.
Question
Why do local bodies maintain statistical records of births and deaths?
Answer
To monitor the health status and disease patterns of the people in their area.
Question
What are the five specific diseases that national health agencies in India focus on researching?
Answer
Malaria, Dengue, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, and Cholera.
Question
What does the abbreviation NICD stand for?
Answer
National Institute of Communicable Diseases.
Question
The NICD, located in Delhi, was formerly known by what name?
Answer
Malaria Institute.
Question
What is the goal of the 'Pulse Polio' national programme?
Answer
To fully eradicate poliomyelitis.
Question
What are the two most important international bodies concerned with global health?
Answer
The Red Cross and the WHO (World Health Organisation).
Question
In what year was the Red Cross formally founded?
Answer
1864.
Question
Describe the emblem of the Red Cross Society.
Answer
A red-coloured cross painted on a white background.
Question
What is the primary role of Red Cross members on a battlefield?
Answer
To take care of wounded soldiers, regardless of whether they are friends or enemies.
Question
Which international body is responsible for procuring and supplying blood for victims of war and calamities?
Answer
The Red Cross.
Question
Name the specific health professional that the Indian Red Cross Society is engaged in training.
Answer
Midwives.
Question
On what date is 'Red Cross Day' celebrated?
Answer
May 8.
Question
Why is the use of the Red Cross emblem by private hospitals or doctors considered legally wrong?
Answer
Because only Red Cross Society units are legally permitted to use it.
Question
In what year was the World Health Organisation (WHO) established?
Answer
1948.
Question
The WHO is a specialised agency of which international organisation?
Answer
The United Nations Organisation (UNO).
Question
Where are the headquarters of the WHO located?
Answer
Geneva, Switzerland.
Question
How many regional offices does the WHO have, and which city hosts the one for India?
Answer
Six regional offices; the one for India is in Delhi.
Question
Under WHO regulations, what must member states report regarding diseases?
Answer
All relevant information about 'Internationally notifiable diseases'.
Question
Provide two examples of diseases that are classified as 'internationally notifiable' by the WHO.
Answer
Malaria and small-pox.
Question
Which organisation provides information on the latest developments in vaccine use and nuclear radiation hazards?
Answer
The WHO.
Question
In public health, what is the purpose of 'quarantine measures'?
Answer
The isolation of a patient to prevent the spread of disease to others.
Question
The WHO sets pharmaceutical standards for important drugs to ensure what two factors?
Answer
The purity and the size of the dose.
Question
Concept: Epidemic diseases
Answer
Definition: Diseases that are widespread, affecting a large number of people within a population or region.
Question
Concept: Endemic diseases
Answer
Definition: Diseases that are local or regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
Question
One major activity of the WHO is to promote and support research projects for which non-communicable disease?
Answer
Cancer.
Question
The WHO member states are bound by the International _____ Regulations.
Answer
Sanitary
Question
The Red Cross provides relief and help to victims of which types of calamities?
Answer
Flood, fire, famine, and earthquakes.
Question
Which organisation arranges for ambulance services in all emergencies?
Answer
The Red Cross.