INDIA'S STRUGGLE FOR FREEDOM PHASE 1 - Questions & Answers

Question 1What does 'Nationalism' refer to in the context of a common territory?

Question 2Before the rise of modern nationalism, to whom was the loyalty of people in India primarily directed?

Question 3When did the modern feeling of nationalism emerge in India?

Question 4Which 19th-century European event particularly inspired Indian leaders with concepts of nationalism?

Question 5In what year was the Indian National Congress (INC) established?

Question 6What marked the formal beginning of the organised national movement in India?

Question 7According to the text, why did Indians realise the British ruled India?

Question 8Who were considered the 'main victims' of British colonial economic policies?

Question 9What happened to peasants if they failed to pay exorbitant land revenue?

Question 10How did the English East India Company affect Indian handicrafts?

Question 11Under British rule, India became a source of ______ for British industries.

Question 12Which new social class emerged due to the growth of modern industries?

Question 13Why were chances of promotion 'bleak' for educated Indians in government service?

Question 14What was the British government's original aim in introducing western education in India?

Question 15What common language helped educated Indians from different regions communicate?

Question 16How did the press help in developing national sentiment?

Question 17Who served as the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880?

Question 18What was the purpose of the Grand Delhi Durbar in 1877?

Question 19The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was designed to ______.

Question 20Under the Indian Army Act of 1879, what was a criminal offence for Indians?

Question 21Lord Lytton reduced the maximum age for the Civil Service examination from 21 to ______.

Question 22Why was the removal of import duties on British textiles harmful to India?

Question 23Which association was formed by Surendranath Banerjee in 1876?

Question 24Who formed the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha in 1870?

Question 25Who was the retired British official instrumental in forming the INC?

Question 26According to the text, why did Lord Dufferin support the creation of the INC?

Question 27Where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?

Question 28Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?

Question 29How many delegates attended the first session of the INC?

Question 30Which of these was a primary aim of the INC in its early years?

Question 31The period from 1885 to 1905 in Congress history is known as the ______.

Question 32Which group of people dominated the Early Nationalist phase?

Question 33What were the 'Three P’s' followed by the Early Nationalists?

Question 34What was the Early Nationalists' view on constitutional methods?

Question 35Which leader is associated with the nickname 'The Grand Old Man of India' (implied in history contexts, listed as a prominent Early Nationalist)?

Question 36A major achievement of Early Nationalists was creating national awakening that Indians belonged to ______.

Question 37What was a major criticism of the Early Nationalists?

Question 38Which year marked the beginning of the Assertive Nationalist phase?

Question 39Who were the famous trio 'Lal-Bal-Pal'?

Question 40What was the main objective of the Assertive Nationalists?

Question 41For Assertive Nationalists, 'Swaraj' meant ______.

Question 42What policy did Assertive Nationalists adopt against unjust British acts?

Question 43From where did Assertive Nationalists draw their support?

Question 44Unlike Early Nationalists who looked to Western philosophers, Assertive Nationalists drew inspiration from ______.

Question 45Which festivals did Tilak revive to arouse national sentiment?

Question 46What were the names of the newspapers edited by Bal Gangadhar Tilak?

Question 47Who announced the Partition of Bengal in 1905?

Question 48What was the 'official' reason given by the British for the Partition of Bengal?

Question 49What was the actual hidden motive behind partitioning Bengal?

Question 50Which city was made the capital of 'Eastern Bengal and Assam'?

Statement 1Nationalism refers to a feeling of oneness and common consciousness among people in a territory.

Statement 2Before British rule, the loyalty of Indians was primarily towards the concept of a single Indian nation.

Statement 3Modern nationalism in India emerged mainly as a reaction to British colonial rule.

Statement 4The French Revolution of the 19th century had no impact on the inspiration of Indian leaders.

Statement 5The formation of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885 marked the formal beginning of the organized national movement.

Statement 6British economic policies were designed to promote the welfare of Indians over British interests.

Statement 7Peasants were the main victims of high land revenue and exorbitant taxes under the British.

Statement 8Peasants were protected from eviction even if they failed to pay their taxes.

Statement 9The British used political power to protect and grow Indian handicrafts.

Statement 10Under British rule, India became a source of raw materials for British industries.

Statement 11The growth of modern industries led to the birth of the working class in India.

Statement 12Educated Indians found it easy to get promotions in government service.

Statement 13The British introduced western education primarily to create a class of loyal clerks.

Statement 14Western education introduced Indians to the ideas of democracy, liberty, and equality.

Statement 15The English language acted as a barrier, preventing Indians from different regions from communicating.

Statement 16Newspapers in vernacular languages played a significant role in developing national sentiment.

Statement 17The Press allowed different groups of people across India to exchange views.

Statement 18Lord Lytton served as the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880.

Statement 19The Grand Delhi Durbar of 1877 was held to provide relief to famine-stricken Indians.

Statement 20The Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was intended to promote freedom of speech.

Statement 21The Indian Army Act of 1879 made it a criminal offence for Indians to carry arms without a licence.

Statement 22Lord Lytton increased the age limit for the ICS examination to 23 years.

Statement 23The removal of import duties on British textiles was beneficial for Indian weavers.

Statement 24The British Indian Association was formed by Surendranath Banerjee in 1851.

Statement 25The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was formed by Justice Ranade in 1870.

Statement 26The Indian National Congress was founded by a retired British official named A.O. Hume.

Statement 27Lord Dufferin wanted the INC to act as a safe, constitutional outlet for Indian resentment.

Statement 28The first session of the INC was held in Delhi in 1885.

Statement 29Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president of the Indian National Congress.

Statement 30Seventy-two delegates attended the first session of the INC.

Statement 31Early Nationalists believed in using violent and unconstitutional methods.

Statement 32The Early Nationalist phase lasted from 1885 to 1905.

Statement 33Dadabhai Naoroji was a prominent leader of the Early Nationalists.

Statement 34The Early Nationalists used a method of 'Three P’s': Petitions, Prayers, and Protests.

Statement 35Early Nationalists succeeded in drawing the masses into the national movement.

Statement 36The Assertive Nationalist phase began around 1905.

Statement 37Assertive Nationalists had deep faith in the British sense of fair play.

Statement 38Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal were known as 'Lal-Bal-Pal'.

Statement 39The main objective of the Assertive Nationalists was the immediate attainment of 'Swaraj'.

Statement 40Assertive Nationalists advocated for the boycott of foreign goods.

Statement 41Tilak used Ganapati and Shivaji festivals to arouse national sentiments.

Statement 42The Assertive Nationalists drew their support primarily from the urban intelligentsia.

Statement 43The Partition of Bengal was announced by Lord Curzon in 1905.

Statement 44The British claimed the Partition of Bengal was for administrative necessity.

Statement 45Nationalists saw the Partition as an attempt to divide Bengalis on religious grounds.

Statement 46Calcutta was made the capital of the new province of 'Eastern Bengal and Assam'.

Statement 47The Partition of Bengal came into effect on October 16, 1905.

Statement 48October 16, 1905, was observed as a day of national mourning throughout Bengal.

Statement 49The song 'Bande Mataram' was the theme song of the Anti-Partition movement.

Statement 50Rabindranath Tagore composed 'Amar Sonar Bangla' during the Anti-Partition movement.

Question 1Nationalism refers to the feeling of ______ and common consciousness among people living in a common territory.

Question 2Before British rule, the loyalty of the Indian people was primarily towards a particular ______ or kingdom.

Question 3The concepts of nationalism and right of self-determination were initiated by national movements in ______ during the 19th century.

Question 4The ______ Revolution served as a significant inspiration for Indian nationalist leaders.

Question 5The formation of the ______ in 1885 marked the formal beginning of the organized national movement in India.

Question 6The peasants were the main victims of British colonial policies due to ______ taxes.

Question 7Indian peasants were often evicted from their land in cases of ______ of taxes.

Question 8The English East India Company used political power to destroy Indian ______ and industry.

Question 9Under British rule, India became a market for the ______ products of the Company.

Question 10The growth of modern industries in India led to the birth of a new social class called the ______.

Question 11British factory owners in India generally belonged to the ______ nationality.

Question 12For educated Indians, competition for ______ was high and chances of promotion were bleak.

Question 13The British introduced western education in India with the aim of creating a class of loyal ______.

Question 14The spread of ______ language gave educated Indians a common medium to communicate with one another.

Question 15Newspapers published in ______ languages played a significant role in developing a strong national sentiment.

Question 16The press helped expose the ______ of British rule in India through various articles.

Question 17______ served as the Viceroy of India from 1876 to 1880.

Question 18The Grand Delhi Durbar in 1877 was organized to proclaim ______ as the Empress of India.

Question 19While lakhs of rupees were spent on the Delhi Durbar, many Indians were suffering in the grip of a ______.

Question 20The ______ Act of 1878 forbade local papers from publishing material that might excite dissatisfaction against the government.

Question 21The Indian ______ Act of 1879 made it a criminal offence for Indians to carry weapons without a licence.

Question 22Lord Lytton reduced the maximum age limit for the Indian Civil Service examination from 21 to ______ years.

Question 23The removal of ______ on British textiles proved extremely harmful to the Indian industry.

Question 24The British Indian Association was formed by ______ in 1851.

Question 25The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was formed by ______ in 1870.

Question 26The Indian National Congress was founded by ______, a retired British member of the Civil Service.

Question 27The first session of the INC was held at ______ Sanskrit College in Mumbai.

Question 28The first session of the INC was held from December 28 to 31, ______.

Question 29The first session of the Indian National Congress was presided over by ______.

Question 30A total of ______ delegates from all over the country attended the first session of the INC.

Question 31One of the primary aims of the INC was to promote friendly relations between ______ political workers.

Question 32The period from 1885 to 1905 of the INC is dominated by a group called the ______.

Question 33Gopal Krishna Gokhale and ______ were prominent leaders of the Early Nationalist phase.

Question 34The Early Nationalists followed ______ methods to achieve their political aims.

Question 35The 'Three P's' used by the Early Nationalists stood for Petitions, Prayers, and ______.

Question 36Early Nationalists believed that British rule had weakened the foundations of India and sought to expose its ______.

Question 37A major criticism of the Early Nationalists was their failure to draw the ______ into the mainstream of the national movement.

Question 38By 1905, a new group of leaders emerged who were more ______ in their demands.

Question 39The Assertive Nationalist trio known as 'Lal-Bal-Pal' included Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and ______.

Question 40The main objective of the Assertive Nationalists was the immediate attainment of ______.

Question 41For Assertive Nationalists, 'Swaraj' meant ______ independence.

Question 42Assertive Nationalists advocated for the use of ______ goods to support Indian industry.

Question 43The policy of 'Passive ______' was a key tactic introduced by the Assertive Nationalists.

Question 44Unlike the Early Nationalists, Assertive Nationalists drew their inspiration from India's ______.

Question 45______ revived the Ganapati and Shivaji festivals to arouse national sentiment.

Question 46The two newspapers through which Tilak preached nationalism were the Maharatta and the ______.

Question 47Early Nationalists sought autonomy within the ______ rather than absolute independence.

Question 48The Presidency of ______ was the most thickly populated province in British India.

Question 49On July 20, 1905, ______ announced the division of the province of Bengal.

Question 50The new province formed in the east was named 'Eastern Bengal and ______'.

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