Quick Review Flashcards - Click to flip and test your knowledge!
Question
In English grammar, what is meant by 'Synthesis of Sentences'?
Answer
The combination of multiple Simple Sentences into one new Simple, Compound, or Complex sentence.
Question
Which grammatical form is used to combine sentences in the example: 'Being tired, he went to sleep'?
Answer
A Participle.
Question
Combine 'He had his rest. He began to work' into one Simple Sentence using a participle.
Answer
Having had his rest, he began to work.
Question
Which verbal form is used to combine 'She is very fat. She cannot run' into 'She is too fat to run'?
Answer
An Infinitive.
Question
Combine 'He is going to Kolkata. He will establish his business there' using an infinitive.
Answer
He is going to Kolkata to establish his business there.
Question
Which construction combines 'She heard the news of her husband's death. She fainted' into 'On hearing the news of her husband's death, she fainted'?
Answer
A Preposition with a Gerund.
Question
Combine 'He gave them his valuable advice. He helped them with money' using a Preposition with a Gerund.
Answer
Besides giving them his valuable advice, he helped them with money.
Question
What type of phrase is used in 'The weather being fine, we played cricket' to combine two sentences?
Answer
An Absolute Phrase.
Question
Combine 'The police arrived. The mob dispersed' using an Absolute Phrase.
Answer
The police having arrived, the mob dispersed.
Question
Combine 'He forgot to bring the keys. That was unfortunate' using an Adverb.
Answer
He unfortunately forgot to bring the keys.
Question
Combine 'The sun had set. He had not returned home' using an Adverbial Phrase.
Answer
He had not returned home by sunset.
Question
What synthesis technique is used in 'Suresh, a good batsman, made a hundred runs yesterday'?
Answer
A Phrase in Apposition.
Question
Combine 'The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan. It is the finest mausoleum in the world' using a Phrase in Apposition.
Answer
The Taj Mahal, the finest mausoleum in the world, was built by Shah Jahan.
Question
What are the primary tools used to combine Simple Sentences into one Compound Sentence?
Answer
Coordinating Conjunctions.
Question
Which category of coordinating conjunctions (e.g., both...and, as well as) adds one statement to another?
Answer
Cumulative Conjunctions.
Question
Which type of coordinating conjunction (e.g., but, still, yet) expresses opposition or contrast between two statements?
Answer
Adversative Conjunctions.
Question
Which category of coordinating conjunctions (e.g., or, neither...nor) expresses a choice between two alternatives?
Answer
Alternative Conjunctions.
Question
Which type of coordinating conjunction (e.g., therefore, so, for) expresses an inference or conclusion?
Answer
Illative Conjunctions.
Question
Combine 'She failed. She persevered' using the adversative conjunction 'nevertheless'.
Answer
She failed, nevertheless she persevered.
Question
Combine 'Come in. Go out' using alternative conjunctions.
Answer
Either come in or go out.
Question
Combine 'He was found guilty. He was hanged' using the illative conjunction 'therefore'.
Answer
He was found guilty, therefore he was hanged.
Question
What two types of clauses make up a Complex Sentence?
Answer
A Principal Clause and one or more Subordinate Clauses.
Question
Which kind of subordinate clause performs the role of a Noun in a Complex Sentence?
Answer
A Noun Clause.
Question
Which kind of subordinate clause performs the role of an Adjective in a Complex Sentence?
Answer
An Adjective Clause.
Question
Which kind of subordinate clause performs the role of an Adverb in a Complex Sentence?
Answer
An Adverb Clause.
Question
In the sentence 'Our belief is that Ali is innocent', identify the Noun Clause.
Answer
that Ali is innocent
Question
Identify the Adjective Clause in 'I met Rajiv's father who is now a Police Inspector'.
Answer
who is now a Police Inspector
Question
The sentence 'He cannot pass unless he works hard' contains an Adverb Clause of _____.
Answer
Condition
Question
The sentence 'Gafur is content though he is poor' contains an Adverb Clause of _____.
Answer
Contrast
Question
The sentence 'Anil is working hard that he may pass the examination' contains an Adverb Clause of _____.
Answer
Purpose
Question
The sentence 'As soon as the bell rang, all the boys went home' contains an Adverb Clause of _____.
Answer
Time
Question
When planning an argumentative composition, what should you do with the opponent's arguments?
Answer
Present them and try to refute them point by point.
Question
In the structure of an argumentative composition, what is the role of the 'Introduction'?
Answer
A brief lead-in to the subject stating its importance.
Question
In the structure of an argumentative composition, what should the 'Body' contain?
Answer
Paragraphs each dealing with one main aspect and presenting arguments for or against.
Question
What should the 'Conclusion' of an argumentative composition be based on?
Answer
A mature opinion based on the arguments presented in the body.
Question
Why should you reserve your strong arguments for the end of a composition?
Answer
To finish with a strong, persuasive personal conclusion.
Question
According to the outline for motor cars, what is one argument 'Against' the environmental impact?
Answer
Pollution by noise, fumes, and road accidents.
Question
In the outline about English as a medium of instruction, what is an argument 'Against' the statement 'English, a foreign language'?
Answer
English has become an integral part of daily life as the language of science, technology, and communication.
Question
What is the recommended tone for a Letter of Complaint?
Answer
Calm, sensible, and polite.
Question
In a three-paragraph Letter of Complaint, what should be the focus of the first paragraph?
Answer
General reference to the source of the complaint.
Question
In a three-paragraph Letter of Complaint, what information should Paragraph 2 provide?
Answer
Details of the cause and explanation of the effects on people concerned.
Question
What is the primary content of the final paragraph in a Letter of Complaint?
Answer
A request for action and sensible suggestions for rectification.
Question
Why should a complainant avoid using threats or antagonistic language in their first letter?
Answer
To appear reasonable so the recipient does not dismiss the complaint as an overreaction.
Question
Where is the starting point (source) of the Yukon River?
Answer
Northwest Canada.
Question
What species of fish is central to the life of people and animals along the Yukon River?
Answer
Salmon.
Question
Where do salmon mature before migrating upstream to spawn in the Yukon River?
Answer
In the ocean.
Question
What happens to adult salmon after they lay their eggs in freshwater?
Answer
They perish.
Question
How do salmon contribute to the nitrogen cycle of the boreal forest in the Yukon watershed?
Answer
By bringing nutrients from the ocean back upstream, acting as a 'fertilising pulse'.
Question
Why is the Yukon River described as a 'lung' for the Arctic Region?
Answer
Clouds form over the Bering Sea and move water back inland as rain and snow, 'breathing' in and out.
Question
What is the effect of thawing permafrost on the water of some Yukon tributaries?
Answer
It releases metals that turn the waters bright orange.
Question
How has climate change affected vegetation at the mouth of the Yukon?
Answer
Historically open tundra with low vegetation has shifted to growth of thickets and willows.
Question
Which new species has moved into the upriver areas of the Yukon as a result of increased willow growth?
Answer
Moose.
Question
What is the meaning of the word 'indigenous' as used in the Yukon River passage?
Answer
Native.
Question
What is the meaning of the word 'watershed' in a geographical context?
Answer
A water divide or region drained by a river.
Question
Which word in the Yukon passage is the opposite of 'freeze'?
Answer
Thaw.
Question
Fill in the blank: He changed _____ his night clothes before going to bed.
Answer
into
Question
Fill in the blank: She dispensed _____ the services of her driver.
Answer
with
Question
Fill in the blank: The habit of gambling brought _____ his ruin.
Answer
about
Question
Fill in the blank: Home-made food is catching _____ very fast.
Answer
on
Question
Fill in the blank: The aeroplane flew _____ the clouds.
Answer
above