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CHAPTER 15 - Questions & Answers

ASSIGNMENT 1

Place the adverb in a suitable position in the sentence without emphasising it:

1. The masons have completed the work. (almost)
The masons have almost completed the work.

2. The children arrived. (half an hour ago)
The children arrived half an hour ago.

3. She does good work. (generally)
She generally does good work.

4. He doesn't refer to a dictionary. (often)
He doesn't often refer to a dictionary.

5. He has heard of Marconi. (never)
He has never heard of Marconi.

6. He had been in hospital. (for two months)
He had been in hospital for two months.

7. Have the workmen finished painting the ceiling? (nearly)
Have the workmen nearly finished painting the ceiling?

8. Our teacher has marked these papers. (just)
Our teacher has just marked these papers.

9. They were able to hear what he said. (hardly)
They were hardly able to hear what he said.

10. She doesn't play volleyball. (still)
She still doesn't play volleyball.


ASSIGNMENT 2

Rearrange each of the following groups of words in the normal, unemphatic order of sentences. The words within dashes must remain in the order they appear. One of these has been done for you.

1. - to his house - yesterday - I - went - three times.
I went to his house three times yesterday.

2. - before - had - been - we - there - never.
We had never been there before.

3. - ploughing the field - almost - when I called on him - finished - yesterday afternoon - he had.
He had almost finished ploughing the field when I called on him yesterday afternoon.

4. - the floor - nearly - have - they - in the kitchen - finished - sweeping (in question form).
Have they nearly finished sweeping the floor in the kitchen?

5. - thoroughly - last week - cleaned - the classrooms - were.
The classrooms were cleaned thoroughly last week.

6. - to his parent's home - at weekends - often - goes - he.
He often goes to his parent's home at weekends.

7. - he - in class - reminded - last year - was - to pay attention - often.
He was often reminded to pay attention in class last year.

8. - hardly - this year - able - be - her education - to complete - she will.
She will hardly be able to complete her education this year.


ASSIGNMENT 3

Arrange the adjectives in the correct order before the nouns, changing a to an where necessary:

1. a dress (cotton, yellow, cheap)
a cheap yellow cotton dress

2. a ring (gold, cheap)
a cheap gold ring

3. a house (new, stone)
a new stone house

4. a pen (French, new)
a new French pen

5. a car (grey, large, Indian)
a large grey Indian car

6. a shirt (green, nylon, wet)
a wet green nylon shirt

7. a corridor (dark, narrow)
a narrow dark corridor

8. a machine (modern, duplicating, large)
a large modern duplicating machine

9. a jacket (leather, brown, untidy)
an untidy brown leather jacket

10. a carpet (beautiful, multicoloured, square)
a beautiful square multicoloured carpet


ASSIGNMENT (Invitations)

Write a formal invitation for the Golden Jubilee Celebrations of your school and then write a formal reply to the invitation from a guest, who is unable to come owing to his trip abroad.

Formal Invitation:

The Principal, Staff, and Students of XYZ School
cordially invite you to
the Golden Jubilee Celebrations of the school
on Saturday, 25th November, 20..
at 10:00 a.m.
in the School Auditorium.

R.S.V.P.
Principal
XYZ School

Formal Reply:

Mr. Sharma thanks the Principal, Staff, and Students of XYZ School for their kind invitation to the Golden Jubilee Celebrations on 25th November 20.., but regrets his inability to attend owing to a prior trip abroad.


D. PRACTICE PAPER-15

Question 1

Write a composition (300 - 350 words) on any one of the following:
(i) Write an original story based on: a talented musician — a nationwide competition — the outcome — the lesson learnt.
(ii) Narrate an incident that motivated you to change your course of action and, in retrospect, seems to be the best decision you have ever made.
(iii) 'Public performances by animals should be banned'. Express your views either for or against this statement.
(iv) Suppose you were given the power to change into something or someone for a day. Describe what you would choose and why.
(v) Study the picture given below. Write a story or a description or an account of what it suggests to you. Your composition may be about the subject of the picture or you may take suggestions from it; however, there must be a clear connection between the picture and your composition.

Sample Answer for Option (ii):

It was a chilly winter morning, and like every other Sunday, I had planned to spend it comfortably tucked in my blanket, playing video games. I had always been someone who took the comforts of life for granted. However, an errand run changed my perspective entirely. My mother asked me to drop off some old clothes at a local orphanage. Initially annoyed, I grabbed the bags and headed out.

When I arrived, the scene I witnessed left a deep impact on me. Children were playing in the courtyard, their faces radiant with joy, despite the biting cold and their frayed sweaters. I handed the bags to the caretaker and watched as a young boy, barely seven years old, received a slightly oversized jacket. The sheer gratitude in his eyes and the bright smile on his face struck a chord in my heart. He didn't complain about the fit or the faded colour; he was simply happy to be warm.

At that moment, I realised how much I complained about trivial things—a slow internet connection or not getting the latest phone. I had so much, yet appreciated so little. That day became a turning point in my life. I decided to change my course of action. I started volunteering at the orphanage every weekend and became more mindful of my privileges. In retrospect, that simple errand was the best decision I ever made, as it taught me the invaluable lesson of gratitude and the joy of giving.

Question 2

Select any one of the following:
(i) For the past one week, water supplied to your home has been muddy and has a foul smell. Write a letter to the MLA of your area complaining about the poor quality of water being supplied to the residents of your area.
(ii) Write a letter to your cousin describing your recent visit to an animal shelter.

Sample Answer for Option (ii):

14, Park Street
Kolkata - 700016

20th July, 20..

Dear Rohan,

I hope you are doing well. I am writing to tell you about an incredible experience I had last weekend. I visited the 'Paws & Claws' animal shelter in our city.

It was heartbreaking yet heartwarming at the same time. There were so many abandoned dogs and cats, some injured and others just looking for a loving home. The volunteers there are doing a fantastic job. I spent hours playing with a golden retriever named Buddy who had been rescued from the streets. We also helped feed the puppies and clean their enclosures.

The visit made me realise how much love these animals have to give. I have decided to volunteer there twice a month. You should definitely join me next time you visit!

Give my regards to Uncle and Aunt.

Yours affectionately,
Amit

Question 3

(i) You are the Head Boy/Head Girl of your school. Write a notice for the school notice board informing the students of Classes VI to X to submit their names for different events to be held on the occasion of the school's Founders Day.

NOTICE

XYZ SCHOOL
15th October, 20..
FOUNDERS DAY AUDITIONS

This is to inform all students from Classes VI to X that our school is celebrating its Founders Day on 10th November. Various cultural events, including drama, singing, and dance competitions, will be held on this occasion. Interested students must submit their names to the undersigned by 20th October. Auditions will begin on 25th October in the school auditorium.

Rahul / Riya
Head Boy / Head Girl

(ii) Write an email to the Education Minister of your State requesting him/her to be the Guest of Honour at the Founders Day celebrations of your school.

To: minister.education@state.gov.in
Subject: Invitation to be the Guest of Honour for Founders Day

Respected Sir/Madam,

I am writing on behalf of the Principal, Staff, and Students of XYZ School. We are celebrating our Annual Founders Day on 10th November 20.. from 4:00 PM onwards in the school auditorium. It would be our utmost privilege if you could grace the occasion as the Guest of Honour and inspire our students with your words of wisdom.

We eagerly await a positive response from your end.

Yours faithfully,
Rahul / Riya
Head Boy / Head Girl
XYZ School

Question 4

(i) For each word given below choose the correct meaning (as used in the passage) from the options provided:

1. labyrinth (line 6)
(a) arrangement (b) maze (c) pathways (d) cave
(b) maze

2. cautioned (line 21)
(a) warned (b) described (c) asked (d) demanded
(a) warned

(ii) Which word in the passage means the opposite of the word 'straight'?
(a) monster (b) confusion (c) winding (d) placed
(c) winding

(iii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.

(a) Who was Daedalus? Why was he in Crete?
Daedalus was a great builder. He was sent as a punishment into exile from Greece to Crete.

(b) What task was set for Daedalus by King Minos?
King Minos ordered Daedalus to build an underground prison so strong that nobody could escape from it.

(c) How did King Minos use the labyrinth?
King Minos used the labyrinth to house a monster called Minotaur. He sent the creature to live in its dark winding passages.

(d) How did Theseus enter and exit from the labyrinth?
Theseus entered the labyrinth by placing a ball of thread at the entrance and unwinding it as he went deep into the passages. After defeating the Minotaur, he followed the thread back out to find his exit.

(e) What did Daedalus and his son do in the cave?
In the cave, they selected bird feathers and stuck them together using wax to make two beautiful pairs of wings, one for each of them.

(iv) Imagine you are Icarus. Narrate your flight. Answer in not more than fifty words.
I flew high into the sky, ignoring my father's warning. The sun felt so warm and glorious! I soared like an eagle, but soon, the wax on my wings began to melt. The feathers fell away. I beat my arms in terror as I plunged down into the deep sea.

Question 5

(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.

Commando Comics and Indian War Comics, revisit war heroes and their stories of valour. The (0) illustrations (illustrate) of adrenaline-pumping sequences of the men in the 1. armed (arm) forces or sketches of dog fights between planes give a 2. gripping (grip) experience to the readers, while 3. inspiring (inspire) them too.

Aditya Bakshi, who 4. made (make) one of India's first war comics on Captain Vikram Batra in 2008, says, "I met Captain Vikram Batra's parents, 5. heard (hear) his story from them and 6. published (publish) a comic in 2008 in the Commando Comics format. I 7. observe (observe) that children read comic books cover to cover. Through these stories, children come to know of the armed forces as well, for often the stories show the hero's journey right from 8. recruitment (recruit) to a typical day in the life in the armed forces."

(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.

(a) He broke off in the middle of his speech.

(b) My brother has run into debt.

(c) Recently there has been a small reduction in the price of petrol.

(d) The candidate won a victory over his rivals.

(e) I was shocked by the sudden news of the minister's death.

(f) I acted upon my teacher's advice.

(g) Do not blow the problem out of proportion.

(h) After the modifications, things are looking up.

(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.

1. He took his umbrella. He feared it might rain.
(a) He took his umbrella for it might rain he feared.
(b) He took his umbrella for feared it might rain.
(c) He took his umbrella, in case it rained.
(d) He took his umbrella if it might rain.
(c) He took his umbrella, in case it rained.

2. Do not disturb the sleeping dog. It will bite.
(a) If you do not disturb the sleeping dog, it will bite.
(b) If you disturb the sleeping dog, it will bite.
(c) If you will disturb the sleeping dog, it will bite.
(d) If you would disturb the sleeping dog, it will bite.
(b) If you disturb the sleeping dog, it will bite.

3. Rima is intelligent. Sarla is more intelligent.
(a) Rima is intelligent, yet Sarla is more.
(b) Sarla is more intelligent than Rima.
(c) Sarla is more intelligent then Rima.
(d) Sarla is as more intelligent as Rima.
(b) Sarla is more intelligent than Rima.

4. The old lady is helpful. She is very poor.
(a) The old lady is helpful despite of being very poor.
(b) Although the old lady is very poor, she is helpful.
(c) Besides the old lady is very poor, she is helpful.
(d) Even the old lady is very poor, she is helpful.
(b) Although the old lady is very poor, she is helpful.

(iv) Choose the correct option to rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each sentence.

1. "I am sorry I did not recognise you," said Saloni to Kush. (Begin: Saloni apologised...)
(a) Saloni apologised to Kush for not recognising him.
(b) Saloni apologised to Kush for did not recognising him.
(c) Saloni apologised to Kush for he did not recognise her.
(d) Saloni apologised to Kush for being not be able to recognise him.
(a) Saloni apologised to Kush for not recognising him.

2. He was unpopular due to his arrogance. (Use: ...because...)
(a) He was unpopular because he was arrogant.
(b) He was unpopular because of his arrogant.
(c) He was arrogant because he was unpopular.
(d) His arrogance was because of his unpopularity.
(a) He was unpopular because he was arrogant.

3. She was too simple to understand his tricks. (Begin: She was so...)
(a) She was so simple to understand his tricks.
(b) She was so simple that she did not understood his tricks.
(c) She was so simple for understanding his tricks.
(d) She was so simple that she did not understand his tricks.
(d) She was so simple that she did not understand his tricks.

4. There are eleven players in a football team. (Begin: A football team comprises...)
(a) A football team comprises of eleven players.
(b) A football team comprises eleven players.
(c) A football team comprises till eleven players.
(d) A football team comprises with eleven players.
(b) A football team comprises eleven players.

5. He is getting so rude; he cannot get along with his co-workers. (Begin: He is getting too...)
(a) He is getting too rude to get along with his co-workers.
(b) He is getting too rude that he cannot get along with his co-workers.
(c) He is getting too rude to be getting along with his co-workers.
(d) He is getting too rude for getting along with his co-workers.
(a) He is getting too rude to get along with his co-workers.

6. Renu is very beautiful but she is not very clever. (Begin: Renu is not as...)
(a) Renu is not as clever than she is beautiful.
(b) Renu is not as clever as she is beautiful.
(c) Renu is not as clever than as she is beautiful.
(d) Renu is not as beautiful as she is clever.
(b) Renu is not as clever as she is beautiful.

7. As soon as the leader arrived everyone cheered him. (Begin: No sooner...)
(a) No sooner the leader did arrived than everyone cheered him.
(b) No sooner did the leader arrive than everyone cheered him.
(c) No sooner had the leader arrived when everyone cheered him.
(d) No sooner the leader arrived than everyone cheered him.
(b) No sooner did the leader arrive than everyone cheered him.

8. Although he was selected for the post, he did not join the office. (Begin: Despite...)
(a) Despite he was selected for the post, he did not join the office.
(b) Despite being selected for the post, he did not join the office.
(c) Despite selected for the post, he did not join the office.
(d) Despite of being selected for the post, he did not join the office.
(b) Despite being selected for the post, he did not join the office.

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Quick Review Flashcards - Click to flip and test your knowledge!
Question
Where do adverbs of place, time, and duration usually appear in a sentence?
Answer
At the end of the sentence or clause.
Question
Besides the end of a sentence, where else can adverbs of time and duration be placed?
Answer
At the beginning of a sentence or immediately after a link word.
Question
In which specific instances do adverbs of place occasionally come at the beginning of a sentence?
Answer
This occurs especially with the words 'here' and 'there'.
Question
In written English, where can adverbs of place other than 'here' or 'there' be positioned for effect?
Answer
At the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Question
Where is an adverb of frequency generally placed in relation to the main verb it modifies?
Answer
Directly before the verb.
Question
What is the correct position for an adverb of frequency when the sentence contains an auxiliary verb or modal?
Answer
Immediately after the auxiliary verb or modal.
Question
Position the adverb 'often' in the sentence: 'Anu has forgotten her pen.'
Answer
Anu has often forgotten her pen.
Question
Where are adverbs of frequency placed relative to the verbs 'have to' and 'used to'?
Answer
They normally precede these verbs.
Question
If an auxiliary verb consists of more than one word, where is the adverb of frequency placed?
Answer
After the first part of the auxiliary verb.
Question
Position the adverb 'rarely' in the sentence: 'She has been told that she is beautiful.'
Answer
She has rarely been told that she is beautiful.
Question
Where is an adverb of frequency placed in a negative sentence containing 'not'?
Answer
Immediately after 'not'.
Question
Where is an adverb of frequency positioned in a question?
Answer
Immediately after the subject.
Question
List three adverbs that follow the same word order rules as adverbs of frequency.
Answer
Almost, already, and nearly.
Question
Besides the frequency position, where else can the adverbs 'already' and 'soon' be placed?
Answer
At the end of a sentence or clause.
Question
What specific word order must follow 'Scarcely' or 'Hardly' when they begin a sentence?
Answer
The question order (auxiliary-subject-verb).
Question
Where does an adverbial phrase indicating the number of times an event occurs (e.g., 'twice a month') typically go?
Answer
At the end of the sentence or clause.
Question
Where is a stressed adverb of frequency like 'always' placed in relation to an auxiliary verb?
Answer
Before the auxiliary verb.
Question
In what position can the adverb 'often' be placed if it is being stressed?
Answer
At the end of a sentence or clause.
Question
What sentence structure is required when 'never' is placed at the beginning of a sentence?
Answer
The auxiliary-subject-verb order.
Question
Where does an adverb of manner go in a sentence with a verb in the active form?
Answer
At the end of the sentence.
Question
In passive voice sentences, where is the adverb of manner usually placed?
Answer
Before the past participle.
Question
What is the standard order when using both an adverb of place and an adverb of time in one sentence?
Answer
Adverb of place followed by adverb of time.
Question
How can a writer emphasise an adverb of time when an adverb of place is also present?
Answer
By placing the adverb of time before the adverb of place.
Question
What is the rule for ordering an adverb of frequency versus an adverb of time?
Answer
The adverb giving the number of times usually comes before the adverb of time.
Question
Where does an adjective in the form of a noun or gerund appear in relation to the noun it qualifies?
Answer
Immediately before the noun.
Question
What is the correct order for adjectives of nationality and adjectives in the form of a noun?
Answer
Adjectives of nationality come before those in the form of a noun.
Question
Where do adjectives of colour go in relation to adjectives of nationality?
Answer
Before the adjectives of nationality.
Question
What is the position of adjectives describing size, shape, or weight relative to colour adjectives?
Answer
Before adjectives of colour.
Question
Order these adjectives for the noun 'carpet': beautiful, multicoloured, square.
Answer
A beautiful square multicoloured carpet.
Question
Order these adjectives for the noun 'jacket': leather, brown, untidy.
Answer
An untidy brown leather jacket.
Question
What is the primary goal of 'Clarity and Economy' in factual writing?
Answer
To state facts clearly using only essential details.
Question
How should material be organised when describing a process or giving instructions?
Answer
By dividing the material into steps corresponding to the sequence of the task.
Question
What three parts must a plan contain when describing the parts and working of an equipment?
Answer
The basic shape, important accessories, and working parts with their functions.
Question
In factual composition, how should facts be arranged to ensure they flow easily for the reader?
Answer
In a logical order using short, simple sentences.
Question
What differentiates informal invitations from formal ones?
Answer
Informal invitations are brief personal notes to close relatives or friends.
Question
What grammatical person is strictly used in formal invitations?
Answer
The third person.
Question
What does the abbreviation 'R.S.V.P.' stand for in French?
Answer
Répondez s'il vous plaît.
Question
What is the English meaning of the French phrase 'Répondez s'il vous plaît'?
Answer
Please reply.
Question
Where is the sender's address typically printed on a formal invitation?
Answer
At the bottom left of the invitation.
Question
Why are standard greetings like 'Dear...' and signatures omitted from formal invitations?
Answer
Because these features distinguish letters from formal invitations.
Question
In a formal wedding invitation, what does the word 'thereafter' indicate?
Answer
The location of the reception following the ceremony.
Question
What are the two essential components of a formal reply to an invitation?
Answer
Thanking the sender and stating whether the invitation is accepted or not.
Question
According to the passage, who was Daedalus?
Answer
A great builder who lived in Greece.
Question
Why was Daedalus sent into exile to the island of Crete?
Answer
As a punishment.
Question
What task did King Minos set for Daedalus?
Answer
To build an underground prison so strong that nobody could escape.
Question
How did King Minos use the labyrinth?
Answer
He sent the monster Minotaur to live in its dark winding passages.
Question
How did Theseus successfully exit the labyrinth after killing the Minotaur?
Answer
By following a thread he had unwound as he entered.
Question
What materials did Daedalus use to create wings for himself and Icarus?
Answer
Bird feathers and wax.
Question
What two things did Daedalus caution Icarus to stay away from during their flight?
Answer
The water and the sun.
Question
What happened to Icarus when he flew too near the sun?
Answer
The wax on his wings melted, the feathers became loose, and he fell into the sea.
Question
Definition: Labyrinth
Answer
A maze or an endless confusion of long, winding passages.
Question
Term: Cautioned
Answer
Definition: Warned.
Question
Which word in the story of Daedalus is the opposite of 'straight'?
Answer
Winding.
Question
Where should the adverb 'nearly' be placed in the question: 'Have the workmen finished painting the ceiling?'
Answer
Have the workmen nearly finished painting the ceiling?
Question
Position the adverb 'still' in the sentence: 'She doesn't play volleyball.'
Answer
She still doesn't play volleyball.
Question
Rearrange into a normal sentence: to his house — yesterday — I — went — three times.
Answer
I went to his house three times yesterday.
Question
Rearrange into a normal sentence: before — had — been — we — there — never.
Answer
We had never been there before.
Question
Arrange these adjectives before the noun 'ring': gold, cheap.
Answer
A cheap gold ring.
Question
Arrange these adjectives before the noun 'car': grey, large, Indian.
Answer
A large grey Indian car.
Question
Arrange these adjectives before the noun 'machine': modern, duplicating, large.
Answer
A large modern duplicating machine.