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Glimpses of India - Q&A

I. A Baker from Goa

Oral Comprehension Check (Page 64)

1. What are the elders in Goa nostalgic about?

[cite_start]

The elders in Goa are nostalgic about those good old Portuguese days, the Portuguese people, and their famous loaves of bread[cite: 1235].


2. Is bread-making still popular in Goa? How do you know?

Yes, bread-making is still popular in Goa. We know this because the author mentions that although the eaters of loaves might have vanished, the makers are still there. [cite_start]The mixers, moulders, and bakers still exist, and the age-old furnaces have not yet been extinguished[cite: 1237, 1238].


3. What is the baker called?

[cite_start]

The baker is called a pader in Goa[cite: 1245].


4. When would the baker come everyday? Why did the children run to meet him?

[cite_start]

The baker would come at least twice a day: once in the morning on his selling round and again when he returned after emptying his huge basket[cite: 1247]. [cite_start]The children ran to meet him not for the love of the loaf, but because they longed for the "bread-bangles" (sweet bread of special make) which they chose carefully[cite: 1251].


Oral Comprehension Check (Page 65)

1. Match the following. What is a must

[cite_start] [cite_start] [cite_start] [cite_start]
(i) as marriage gifts?sweet bread called bol [cite: 1272]
(ii) for a party or a feast?bread [cite: 1272]
(iii) for a daughter's engagement?sandwiches [cite: 1274]
(iv) for Christmas?cakes and bolinhas [cite: 1275]

2. What did the bakers wear: (i) in the Portuguese days? (ii) when the author was young?

[cite_start]

(i) In the Portuguese days, the bakers wore a peculiar dress known as the kabai, which was a single-piece long frock reaching down to the knees[cite: 1277, 1278].
(ii) [cite_start]When the author was young, the bakers wore a shirt and trousers which were shorter than full-length ones and longer than half pants[cite: 1279].


3. Who invites the comment "he is dressed like a pader"? Why?

[cite_start]

Anyone who wears a half pant which reaches just below the knees invites the comment "he is dressed like a pader"[cite: 1280]. [cite_start]This is because this attire resembles the dress worn by bakers (paders) during the author's childhood[cite: 1279].


4. Where were the monthly accounts of the baker recorded?

[cite_start]

The monthly accounts of the baker were recorded on some wall in pencil[cite: 1283].


5. What does a 'jackfruit-like appearance' mean?

[cite_start]

A 'jackfruit-like appearance' means a plump physique[cite: 1286]. [cite_start]It implies that the person looks happy and prosperous, similar to the bakers of old days who never starved[cite: 1285].


Thinking about the Text (Page 66)

1. Which of these statements are correct?

(i) The pader was an important person in the village in old times. (Correct) [cite_start][cite: 1273]
(ii) Paders still exist in Goan villages. (Correct) [cite_start][cite: 1245]
(iii) The paders went away with the Portuguese. (Incorrect) [cite_start][cite: 1237]
(iv) The paders continue to wear a single-piece long frock. (Incorrect) [cite_start][cite: 1279]
(v) Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in the old days. (Correct) [cite_start][cite: 1272]
(vi) Traditional bread-baking is still a very profitable business. (Correct - implied as it was profitable in old days and they still exist) [cite_start][cite: 1284]
(vii) Paders and their families starve in the present times. (Incorrect) [cite_start][cite: 1284]


2. Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?

Yes, bread is an important part of Goan life. [cite_start]We know this because marriage gifts are meaningless without the sweet bread known as the 'bol', sandwiches are a must for a daughter's engagement, and cakes and 'bolinhas' are essential for Christmas and other festivals[cite: 1272, 1274, 1275]. [cite_start]Also, the sweet bread 'bread-bangles' is loved by children[cite: 1251].


3. Tick the right answer. What is the tone of the author when he says the following?

(i) The thud and the jingle of the traditional baker's bamboo can still be heard in some places.

[cite_start]

nostalgic [cite: 1235]


(ii) Maybe the father is not alive but the son still carries on the family profession.

[cite_start]

hopeful [cite: 1244]


(iii) I still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves.

[cite_start]

nostalgic [cite: 1260]


(iv) The tiger never brushed his teeth. Hot tea could wash and clean up everything so nicely, after all.

[cite_start]

funny [cite: 1264, 1265]


(v) Cakes and bolinhas are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals.

[cite_start]

matter-of-fact [cite: 1275]


(vi) The baker and his family never starved. They always looked happy and prosperous.

[cite_start]

matter-of-fact [cite: 1284, 1285]


Writing (Page 66)

I. In this extract, the author talks about traditional bread-baking during his childhood days. Complete the following table with the help of the clues on the left. Then write a paragraph about the author's childhood days.

[cite_start] [cite_start] [cite_start] [cite_start] [cite_start]
Clues Author's childhood days
the way bread was bakedIn age-old, time-tested furnaces [cite: 1238]
the way the pader sold breadHe came with a bamboo staff, making a 'jhang, jhang' sound, supporting the basket on his head with one hand and banging the bamboo with the other[cite: 1255, 1256].
what the pader woreA shirt and trousers which were shorter than full-length ones and longer than half pants[cite: 1279].
when the pader was paidAt the end of the month[cite: 1282].
how the pader lookedHappy and prosperous with a plump physique[cite: 1285].


II. Coorg

Thinking about the Text (Page 71)

1. Where is Coorg?

[cite_start]

Coorg is situated midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore[cite: 1371]. [cite_start]It is in the state of Karnataka[cite: 1377].


2. What is the story about the Kodavu people's descent?

There are two stories about their descent. [cite_start]One story says they are of Greek descent because a part of Alexander's army moved south along the coast and settled there when return became impractical[cite: 1386, 1387]. [cite_start]Another theory supports Arab origin because of the long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt worn by the Kodavus, known as kuppia, which resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and Kurds[cite: 1389, 1392].


3. What are some of the things you now know about

(i) the people of Coorg?

[cite_start]

They are a proud race of martial men and beautiful women[cite: 1372]. [cite_start]They are fiercely independent, hospitable, and have many tales of valour[cite: 1386, 1393]. [cite_start]They are the only people in India permitted to carry firearms without a license[cite: 1395].


(ii) the main crop of Coorg?

[cite_start]

The main crop of Coorg is coffee[cite: 1370, 1377].


(iii) the sports it offers to tourists?

[cite_start]

It offers high-energy adventure sports like river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock climbing, and mountain biking[cite: 1400].


(iv) the animals you are likely to see in Coorg?

[cite_start]

You are likely to see Macaques, Malabar squirrels, langurs, slender loris, wild elephants, bees, butterflies, and Kingfishers (birds)[cite: 1398, 1414, 1415, 1416]. [cite_start]Also, Mahaseer (a large freshwater fish) is found in the waters[cite: 1397].


(v) its distance from Bangalore, and how to get there?

[cite_start]

The distance from Bangalore is around 250-260 km[cite: 1435]. [cite_start]One can reach there by road via two routes: one via Mysore (most frequented) and the other via Neelamangal, Kunigal, and Chanrayanapatna[cite: 1436].


4. Here are six sentences with some words in italics. Find phrases from the text that have the same meaning.

(i) During monsoons it rains so heavily that tourists do not visit Coorg. (para 2)

[cite_start]

keep many visitors away [cite: 1378]


(ii) Some people say that Alexander's army moved south along the coast and settled there. (para 3)

[cite_start]

As one story goes [cite: 1387]


(iii) The Coorg people are always ready to tell stories of their sons' and fathers' valour. (para 4)

[cite_start]

willing to recount [cite: 1393]


(iv) Even people who normally lead an easy and slow life get smitten by the high-energy adventure sports of Coorg. (para 6)

[cite_start]

The most laidback individuals become converts to [cite: 1400]


(v) The theory of the Arab origin is supported by the long coat with embroidered waist-belt they wear. (para 3)

[cite_start]

draws support from [cite: 1389]


(vi) Macaques, Malabar squirrels observe you carefully from the tree canopy. (para 7)

[cite_start]

keep a watchful eye [cite: 1415]


Thinking about Language (Page 73)

Collocations

1. Here are some nouns from the text. Work with a partner and discuss which of the nouns can collocate with which of the adjectives given below.

culture, monks, surprise, experience, weather, tradition

unique, terrible, unforgettable, serious, ancient, wide, sudden

(i) culture: unique culture, ancient culture

(ii) monks: serious monks

(iii) surprise: sudden surprise, terrible surprise

(iv) experience: unforgettable experience, terrible experience, unique experience

(v) weather: terrible weather

(vi) tradition: ancient tradition, unique tradition


2. Complete the following phrases from the text. For each phrase, can you find at least one other word that would fit into the blank?

[cite_start]

(i) tales of valour [cite: 1393] (Other word: bravery, love)

[cite_start]

(ii) coastal town [cite: 1371] (Other word: city, area)

[cite_start]

(iii) a piece of heaven [cite: 1371] (Other word: land, cake)

[cite_start]

(iv) evergreen rainforests [cite: 1377] (Other word: trees, forests)

[cite_start]

(v) coffee plantations [cite: 1377] (Other word: tea, banana)

[cite_start]

(vi) rope bridge [cite: 1418] (Other word: suspension, wooden)

[cite_start]

(vii) wild creatures [cite: 1372] (Other word: animals, elephants)



III. Tea from Assam

Thinking about Language (Page 74)

I. 1. Use these words appropriately in the sentences below. You may consult a dictionary.

upkeep, downpour, undergo, dropout, walk-in

(i) A heavy downpour has been forecast due to low pressure in the Bay of Bengal.

(ii) Rakesh will undergo major surgery tomorrow morning.

(iii) My brother is responsible for the upkeep of our family property.

(iv) The dropout rate for this accountancy course is very high.

(v) She went to the Enterprise Company to attend a walk-in interview.


2. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences given below by combining the verb given in brackets with one of the words from the box as appropriate.

over, by, through, out, up, down

(i) The Army attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow the Government. (throw)

(ii) Scientists are on the brink of a major breakthrough in cancer research. (break)

(iii) The State Government plans to build a bypass for Bhubaneswar to speed up traffic on the main highway. (pass)

(iv) Gautama's outlook on life changed when he realised that the world is full of sorrow. (look)

(v) Rakesh seemed unusually downcast after the game. (cast)


II. -ing and -ed adjectives (Page 75)

1. Think of suitable -ing or -ed adjectives to answer the following questions.

(i) a good detective serial on television?

exciting / interesting


(ii) a debate on your favourite topic 'Homework Should Be Banned'?

engaging / stimulating


(iii) how you feel when you stay indoors due to incessant rain?

bored / depressed


(iv) how you feel when you open a present?

excited / delighted


(v) how you feel when you watch your favourite programme on television?

entertained / interested


(vi) the look on your mother's face as you waited in a queue?

tired / annoyed


(vii) how you feel when tracking a tiger in a tiger reserve forest?

thrilled / excited


(viii) the story you have recently read, or a film you have seen?

boring / interesting / exciting

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Quick Review Flashcards - Click to flip and test your knowledge!
Question
The elders in Goa are often heard reminiscing nostalgically about the famous loaves of bread from which historical era?
Answer
The Portuguese days.
Question
What traditional name is used to refer to the village baker in Goa?
Answer
Pader
Question
How many times a day did the Goan baker typically visit the household during the author's childhood?
Answer
Twice a day.
Question
What sound heralded the arrival of the traditional baker in the morning?
Answer
The thud and jingle of his bamboo staff.
Question
While the elders ate loaves of bread, what specific bread product did the children long for?
Answer
Bread-bangles.
Question
In the author's childhood, who was responsible for buying the loaves of bread for the household?
Answer
The maid-servant of the house.
Question
Why did the children in the story argue that it was unnecessary to brush their teeth or wash their mouths?
Answer
They claimed the tiger never brushed his teeth and hot tea would clean everything.
Question
Which sweet bread is considered an essential part of marriage gifts in Goan culture?
Answer
Bol
Question
What food item is a mandatory preparation for a daughter's engagement in a traditional Goan home?
Answer
Sandwiches
Question
What are the two items that are considered a 'must' for Christmas and other Goan festivals?
Answer
Cakes and bolinhas.
Question
The traditional dress of the Goan baker, consisting of a single-piece long frock reaching the knees, is called _____.
Answer
Kabai
Question
In the author's youth, what was the typical attire of a Goan baker?
Answer
A shirt and trousers shorter than full-length but longer than half pants.
Question
Where did the Goan bakers traditionally record their monthly accounts?
Answer
On a wall in pencil.
Question
Why were the baker and his family in old Goa known for never starving?
Answer
Baking was a very profitable profession.
Question
What physical description is used to describe the prosperous appearance of a baker in Goa?
Answer
A jackfruit-like physical appearance.
Question
Coorg, also known as Kodagu, is a district located in which Indian state?
Answer
Karnataka
Question
What percentage of the Coorg district is covered by evergreen rainforests?
Answer
$30\%$
Question
When is the 'season of joy' for tourists visiting Coorg?
Answer
From September to March.
Question
The people of Coorg are famously known as a proud race of _____.
Answer
Martial men.
Question
According to one origin theory, the people of Coorg are descendants of whose army?
Answer
Alexander's army.
Question
What evidence supports the theory that Coorgis have Arabic origins?
Answer
The long, black coat with an embroidered waist-belt known as kuppia.
Question
The traditional dress 'kuppia' worn by the Kodavus resembles which garment worn by Arabs and Kurds?
Answer
Kuffia
Question
Which regiment of the Indian Army is one of the most decorated?
Answer
The Coorg Regiment.
Question
Who was the first Chief of the Indian Army, hailing from Coorg?
Answer
General Cariappa
Question
The Kodavus are the only people in India permitted to carry which items without a licence?
Answer
Firearms
Question
What is the primary source of water for the river Kaveri?
Answer
The hills and forests of Coorg.
Question
What is the name of the large freshwater fish that abounds in the waters of Coorg?
Answer
Mahaseer
Question
Name three high-energy adventure sports offered to tourists in Coorg.
Answer
River rafting, canoeing, and rappelling.
Question
Which hills in Coorg provide a panoramic view of the entire misty landscape?
Answer
The Brahmagiri hills.
Question
Nisargadhama is a _____ island located in the Coorg region.
Answer
Sixty-four-acre
Question
Where is India's largest Tibetan settlement located in relation to Coorg?
Answer
Bylakuppe
Question
What are the common robe colours of the Buddhist monks found in Bylakuppe?
Answer
Red, ochre, and yellow.
Question
Which town serves as the district headquarters and 'gateway' to Coorg?
Answer
Madikeri
Question
Pranjol and Rajvir are classmates at a school in which city?
Answer
Delhi
Question
Which Indian state has the largest concentration of tea plantations in the world?
Answer
Assam
Question
Approximately how many cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world?
Answer
Over eighty crore cups.
Question
According to Chinese legend, tea was discovered when leaves from burning twigs fell into a pot of _____.
Answer
Boiling water.
Question
According to Indian legend, which ancient Buddhist ascetic cut off his eyelids to stay awake during meditation?
Answer
Bodhidharma
Question
How many tea plants are said to have grown out of Bodhidharma's eyelids?
Answer
Ten
Question
Tea was first drunk in China as far back as which year?
Answer
$2700$ B.C.
Question
The words 'chai' and 'chini' originate from which language?
Answer
Chinese
Question
In which century did tea arrive in Europe?
Answer
The sixteenth century.
Question
When it was first introduced in Europe, tea was consumed more as a _____ than as a beverage.
Answer
Medicine
Question
Name the tea-garden managed by Pranjol’s father.
Answer
Dhekiabari Tea Estate.
Question
What clothing items are typically worn by groups of tea-pluckers in Assam?
Answer
Bamboo baskets on their backs and plastic aprons.
Question
What is the duration of the 'second-flush' or sprouting period for tea in Assam?
Answer
From May to July.
Question
Which tea-sprouting period is known for yielding the best tea?
Answer
The second-flush.
Question
The term 'reminiscing nostalgically' means thinking _____ of the past.
Answer
Fondly
Question
What is the definition of 'martial' in the context of the Coorgi people?
Answer
Having to do with war.
Question
The term used for a view of a wide area of land is a _____ view.
Answer
Panoramic
Question
What is the purpose of 'rappelling' as an adventure sport?
Answer
Going down a cliff by sliding down a rope.
Question
What does it mean for a regiment to be 'most decorated'?
Answer
Having received the maximum number of awards for bravery in war.
Question
Define 'plump physique' as used in the text about Goan bakers.
Answer
A pleasantly fat body.
Question
The word 'heralding' means _____ something.
Answer
Announcing
Question
What is the meaning of 'invigorating' in the context of the air in Coorg?
Answer
Strong and full of energy.
Question
Which word describes a tradition that most people follow?
Answer
Mainstream
Question
What is a 'mahout'?
Answer
A person who works with and scrubs elephants in the river.
Question
The word 'ascetic' refers to a person who practices severe _____.
Answer
Self-discipline
Question
What does 'scoffed' mean in the context of Pranjol's reaction to Rajvir's legends?
Answer
Spoken about something in a way that shows you think it is ridiculous.
Question
The word 'ardent' as in 'ardent fan' means showing _____.
Answer
Strong feelings